ST. PAUL — State agencies are tracking an increase in cases of a bacterial illness in humans and animals, especially cats, across the state.
Tularemia is a potentially serious illness that occurs naturally in Minnesota, caused by bacteria found in wildlife.
The Department of Health said in a news release that there are an average of six human cases reported in the state each year. There have been five reported so far in 2025.
The disease is usually passed to humans through tick and fly bites, bites and scratches from infected pet cats or by touching infected animals. It is not spread person to person.
All cases of tularemia in humans are accompanied by a sudden fever. Other symptoms include skin wounds or ulcers, swollen lymph nodes, headaches, chills, joint and muscle pain and nausea. These typically appear three to five days after exposure but can occur as soon as one day or as long as 14 days after.
In pets, tularemia signs include a high fever, weakness, lack of appetite, skin or mouth ulcers and swollen lymph nodes.
“Preventing cats from hunting by keeping them indoors is the best way to avoid exposure for your pets,” said Dr. Steve Kivisto, senior veterinarian for companion animal programs at the state Board of Animal Health, in the release.
“For those cats that continue to spend time outdoors hunting wildlife, careful monitoring for changes in their health, along with early detection, testing and treatment are vital to ensure the best possible outcome.”
To keep people and pets safe, the health department also recommends giving pets medication to prevent tick bites, using insect repellent, avoiding contact with sick or dead wildlife and checking your yard for rabbit nests or dead animals before mowing.
Exposure in one of this year's confirmed cases likely came through lawn mowing. Two more were caused by tick bites and one by a stray cat bite.
Anyone bitten or scratched by an ill animal should contact their health care professional and call the health department at 651-201-5414.
For concerns about pets, talk to your veterinarian or call Dr. Kivisto at 612-790-8140.
